Hypertension and Cholesterol among Late Adults in Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Survey

Abstract

The global prevalence of hypertension is relatively high. In 2012, the death rate due to cardiovascular disease reached 17 million per year, with 45% of the contributors being hypertension. In 2015, globally, cholesterol cases accounted for 4.5% of ischemia of heart disease and 2% of strokes. Until 2017 and 2020, cholesterol disease was mainly experienced by adults aged 20 years or more, with a percentage of 10% of the population. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between hypertension and cholesterol. Methodology: The design study used data from the 5th batch of the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS-5) organized by the Rand Corporation. IFLS-5 was conducted in 2014-2015, with 16,204 households and 50,148 individuals interviewed. Stratified random sampling to select respondents from the province to the place of residence. This study used a cross-sectional study design with inclusion and exclusion criteria from a total of 11,062 respondents. Results: Respondents with late-adult criteria in Indonesia were 50.17% women aged 51.98 (± 9.51), 84.04% married, 22.22% high school graduates, 70.14% Javanese, and 59.88% urban residents. The prevalence of cholesterol in late adults in Indonesia was 8.26% (95% CI: 0.08 – 0.09). The prevalence of hypertension in late adulthood in Indonesia was 20.91% (95% CI: 0.20 – 0.22). The results showed that cholesterol (OR = 4.06, 95% CI 3.53 – 4.67, p = <0.001) was statistically significant with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension and cholesterol among late adults in Indonesia shows that hypertension and cholesterol are statistically significant and there was a relationship between people suffering from hypertension and having potential cholesterol disease.