Research and Innovation in Social Science Education Journal (RISSEJ)

The Potential Implications of the United States-China Trade War on Vietnam: A Review from the Perspective of International Political Economy (2018–2025)

2025-07-09T08:54:35+00:00

The United States–China trade war (2018–2025) has triggered significant shifts in the global economy, particularly affecting Asian countries. This article analyzes the economic and political implications of the trade war on Vietnam, with a focus on national interests. A descriptive qualitative research method is employed, drawing on literature review and secondary data analysis. Within the framework of international relations theory, the study integrates perspectives from realism (balance of power), complex interdependence, and international political economy to interpret Vietnam’s response. The findings indicate that Vietnam initially benefited from increased exports and inflows of foreign direct investment (FDI) during the early phase of the trade war, but faces long-term risks such as dependency on China-dominated global supply chains and heightened vulnerability to external shocks. In response, Vietnam has pursued market diversification (leveraging various free trade agreements) and adopted a balanced economic diplomacy strategy between major powers. The study recommends strengthening domestic production capacity, developing local resources (raw materials and components), and aligning foreign policy to maintain productive neutrality in order to safeguard Vietnam’s national interests amid this global conflict.

Students' Character Building through the Implementation of School Discipline in SMAK Santo Petrus Kewapante

2025-07-04T09:22:04+00:00

Character Building of Students Through the Implementation of School Discipline at SMAK Santo Petrus Kewapante. THESIS. Faculty of Teacher Training and Education. Muhammadiyah University of Maumere. 2025. This study aims to describe how the Implementation of Discipline and Order in SMAK Santo Petrus Kewapante plays a role in the formation of student character. The characters in question include discipline, responsibility, obedience to rules, and polite and religious attitudes. This study was conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach, using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The results of the study showed that the implementation of school regulations, such as time regulations, use of appropriate uniforms, environmental cleanliness, and joint prayer activities, significantly contributed to the formation of student character. However, its implementation still faces challenges, such as low student awareness, lack of involvement of some teachers, and minimal support from parents. However, through good cooperation between teachers, schools, and students, the implementation of discipline can be improved effectively so that the formation of student character can run more optimally.

Instilling Moral Character Education and Student Discipline through Extracurricular Programs at SMASK Alvarez Paga

2025-07-04T06:09:15+00:00

Education can help students to think critically about problems that occur in society, school and family. However, on the other hand, it helps students to become individuals with character wherever they are. Therefore, formal and informal education have a very important role in the process of educating students and supporting the development of student personality. This study aims to determine the instillation of morality and discipline character education through extracurricular programs at SMASK Alvarez Paga and to determine the morality and discipline of SMASK Alvarez Paga students through extracurricular programs. The research method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The research subjects involved were the principal, BK teachers, extracurricular activity supervisors and students. The data collection methods used were observation, interviews and documentation. Based on the results of this study, the researcher concluded that the instillation of moral character education and discipline through extracurricular programs can be done by means of a coaching pattern in the form of Scouts, Sports and Arts. This instillation must continue to be carried out in accordance with the curriculum and the school's superior programs, and the development of morality and discipline of students is very important to realize students with noble character, high morals, hard work, work discipline, tolerance and responsibility.

The Role of PKN Teachers in Integrating PKN Material Based on Local Wisdom at Junior High School 1 Maumere

2025-07-04T08:11:38+00:00

The world of education is the most effective way to instill basic values, especially those born from local customs to be used as material in the learning process. For example, the integration of civics material based on local wisdom. Through an understanding of local wisdom, students can love, preserve, and introduce regional culture to the next generation so that local wisdom is not lost along with the times, and can instill noble values such as tolerance, mutual cooperation, and social concern which are very important for the formation of student character. The purpose of this study is to describe the role of civics teachers in integrating civics material based on local wisdom at SMP Negeri 1 Maumere and identify the challenges faced by civics teachers in integrating civics material based on local wisdom. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method, the main data sources are the Principal, and Civics subject teachers. Secondary data sources are lesson implementation plans (RPP), teaching materials, and other sources from articles and books. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and finally drawing conclusions. The role of teachers in integrating local wisdom-based civics material at SMP Negeri 1 Maumere is to use various teaching methods, various teaching media, plan effective learning, build good relationships with students, understand individual needs of students, practice local wisdom values in everyday life and evaluate themselves. However, in this role there are challenges faced by civics subject teachers that can come from within themselves, other people and the surrounding environment.

The Role of the Family Environment on the Formation of Children's Personality in Keli Village, Keo Tengah Sub-District, Nagekeo District

2025-07-04T08:25:44+00:00

This research discusses the role of the family in shaping children's personality in Keli Village, Central Keo District, Nagekeo Regency. The method used is qualitative with primary data collection through observation, interviews, and documentation on three families, one community leader, and one village official. Secondary data were obtained from books, journals, and articles. Interviews were conducted face-to-face to explore information related to the role of the family environment in children's personality development. Data analysis was conducted by reducing, presenting, and drawing conclusions based on field notes. The results showed that family has an important role in shaping children's personality. Children who grow up in harmonious families with sufficient love and attention tend to have positive personalities, such as confidence, responsibility, and courtesy. Conversely, children who receive less attention from their families have the potential to show a closed or aggressive attitude. This research emphasizes the importance of the family environment as the first educational institution that determines a child's future.

The Role of Civic Education Teachers in Forming Tolerance Attitudes and Overcoming Student Conflicts at Senior High School 1 Restorasi Riung

2025-07-04T09:19:48+00:00

This study aims to determine the Role of Civic Education Teachers in Forming Tolerance Attitudes and Overcoming Student Conflicts at Senior High School 1 Restorasi Riung. The research method used is qualitative method. Data collection techniques in this study are using observation, interview, documentation techniques. In this study, the data source is the Civics Education teacher at Senior High School 1 Restorasi Riung. The results obtained by researchers show that Civic Education Teachers have a strategic role in shaping students' tolerance attitudes and overcoming student conflicts through learning Pancasila values, class discussions, habituation of mutual respect for differences, and personal approaches to students who experience or trigger conflicts. In addition, in overcoming conflicts between students, the Civic Education Teacher acts as a mediator and facilitator who encourages problem solving through deliberation, open dialogue, and project-based learning activities that instill cooperation and empathy. Thus, it can be concluded that Civic Education teachers have a very important role in shaping students' tolerance and conflict resolution attitudes. This role is not only reflected in classroom learning activities, but also in social interactions in the school environment as a whole.

Development of Project-Based Learning and Gallery Learning Methods to Improve Social Competence and Creative Thinking in Elementary School Students in the Era of the New Normal

2025-04-14T07:43:31+00:00

This study aims to develop a hybrid learning model (combining offline and online components) based on project-based learning (PjBL) using the gallery learning method to enhance the social and creative thinking competencies of elementary school students in adapting to the new normal. The model was developed through the stages of problem identification, development design, testing, and product evaluation. This learning approach requires students to develop collaboration and reflection skills, helping them improve their social skills. To date, the implementation of PjBL has primarily been conducted through direct learning, with academic achievement as the primary focus of the study. Meanwhile, social competencies are closely related to intercultural skills, language skills, communication skills, networking skills, teamwork skills, compromise and cooperation skills, knowledge transfer skills, and leadership skills. Personalities related to tolerating ambiguity, seeking identification, overcoming obstacles, pursuing self-growth, internal motivation, and choosing adventure need to be cultivated. Both of these competencies are easier to develop in face-to-face learning than in online learning, although adjustments must be made to the situation and conditions at each school. These skills are still inadequate at the elementary school level, which affects the lack of development of project-based learning. In this study, the research subjects involved 226 students and 23 classroom teachers. Data collection was conducted using interview sheets, tests, and questionnaires. Quantitative data analysis techniques included parametric statistical tests for average achievement using SPSS one-sample t-tests, Z-tests for proportions, paired-sample t-tests for mean differences, and N-gain tests. The results of the study indicate that (1) the developed learning tools are suitable for use, namely the syllabus with a score of 40 out of a maximum of 40 (valid), the lesson plan with a score of 60 out of a maximum of 60 (valid), the teaching materials with a score of 54 out of a maximum of 56 (valid), and the questions with a score of 38 out of a maximum of 40 (valid). (2) The project-based learning tools integrated with the gallery learning method can enhance students' social competencies and creative thinking skills. (3) Teacher feedback received a score of 97 out of a maximum of 100, indicating an excellent response. The use of project-based learning materials integrated with the gallery learning method to enhance social competencies and creative thinking skills in students adapted to the new normal era, represents an innovation in elementary school education.

Learning Model based on Multiple Intelligences oriented towards Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through the application of Visual, Auditory, Read-Write Preferential, Kinesthetic (VARK), and Directed Reading Listening Thinking Activity (DRLTA) in Elementary School

2025-04-14T07:40:14+00:00

The purpose of this study was to develop a learning model based on multiple intelligences and students' critical thinking skills through visual, auditory, preferential read-write, kinesthetic (VARK) learning strategies, and the application of the directed reading listening thinking activity (DRLTA) model to elementary school students. The stages include: 1) formulating research problems and determining survey objectives, 2) determining concepts and hypotheses and digging literature, 3) sampling, 4) making kueisoner, 5) field work, 6) data processing, 7) analysis and reporting. The result of the need assessment score is 3.54, the product development stage, FGD, expert and practitioner validation and the field trial stage. The feasibility of this model is tested based on: 1) The assessment of psychologists is assessed based on three aspects, namely the elements of the supporting theory used, the elements of the learning stages and the elements of the implementation of learning techniques to get a score of 4.77 or including "very feasible" to use. 2) Assessment of education practitioners is also assessed based on three aspects of getting a score of 4.33 or including "very feasible" to use. 3) Field trial assessment based on four aspects, namely, Multiple Intelligences detection, learning methods and learning media. Field trials were carried out with the individual trial stage getting a score of 3.56 including "very feasible", group field trials resulting in a score of 3.59 including "very feasible" and limited field trials getting a score of 3.8 including "very feasible" to use. The framework in this study is based on quantitative and qualitative research in accordance with the objectives to be achieved, the research problems to be solved, and the nature of the data required. The use of a mixed method approach is based on research coverage and research problems. In accordance with the objectives and research problems and the nature of the data collected, this study used a two phase design. The reason for using this design is that it allows theoretically and practically the development of two designs in a position to complement each other, equal, and be implemented sequentially.